Preposition
+ -ing
(a)
Если глагол следует
за предлогом
in at with about и т.д.,
то он оканчивается на
-ing.
Рассмотрим примеры:
|
Are you
interested |
in |
working |
for
us? |
|
I'm fed
up |
at |
learning |
languages. |
|
I'm not
very good |
with |
studying. |
|
|
The
children are excited |
about |
going |
on
holiday. |
|
What are
the advantages |
of |
having |
a
car? |
|
This
knife is only |
for |
cutting |
bread. |
|
John
went to work |
in spite
of |
feeling |
ill. (См. Unit
109.) |
|
I bought
a new bicycle |
instead
of |
going |
away on
holiday. |
(b)
Можно
употреблять
-ing
с
before
и
after:
-
Before
going out I phoned
Ann.
You can also say:
`Before I went out
I...'
- What
did you do after
leaving
school?
You can also say: `...
after you left
school?'
(c)
Вы можете
употребить
by -ing,
чтобы сказать,
как
что-то случилось:
- They got into
the house by breaking a kitchen window
and climbing in.
- You
can improve your English by
doing a lot of
reading.
(d)
После
without
тоже можно использовать -ing:
- Tom left
without
finishing his
dinner.
- She
ran five miles without
stopping.
- He
climbed through the window without
anybody seeing
him.
(или `... without being
seen.')
- She
needs to work without people
disturbing her.
(или `... without
being disturbed.')
- It's
nice to go on holiday without
having to worry about
money.
(e)
To
- обычно часть
неопределенной формы
(infinitive).
Например:
- They
decided to go
out.
- I want
to play
tennis.
Но to
также является и
предлогом.
Примеры:
- Tom
went to London.
- He
gave the book to
Ann.
- I
prefer cities to the
countryside.
- I'm
looking forward to
the week-end.
Если за предлогом следует
глагол, он оканчивается
на -ing
(см.
раздел a).
Поэтому, если
to -
предлог
и за ним следует глагол, надо
говорить
to -ing.
Например:
- I
prefer cycling to
driving
(а
не `to
drive')
- I'm
looking forward to
seeing Ann
again.
(а
не
`to
see')
О be/get
в связи с
использованием
-ing
см.Unit 62.
